Liquid-fuel furnace.



A. LAING.

LIQUID FUEL FURNACE.. APPLIUATION FILED ms. 16.11910.

Patented May 7, 1912.

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A. LAING.

LIQUID FUEL FURNAGE. APPLIOATION FILED m.1e,.,191o.

,025,279. Patented May '7, 1912.

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A. LAING.

LIQUID FUEL FURNAGE.

APPLICATION' FILED rEB,1s,1o1o.

1,025,279. l r l Patnted May 7, 1912.

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. LIQUID-FUEL EURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May '7. 1912..

Application filed February 16, l1910. Serial No. 544,178.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that lf, ANDREW LAING, a subject of the King o'f' Great Britain, residing at 15 Osborn road, Newcastleupon-Tyne, in.

the county of Northumberland, England, engineer, have invented certain new and use: ful improvements in Liquid-Fuel Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to liquid fuel furnaces and has for its objects to reduce losses due to radiation of 'heat from the furnace front, to facilitate the regulation of the air supplyand to obtain efficient admiXture of the air and fuel spray so aste obtain complete combustion of the latter without the use of elaborate brickwork battles and mixing l chambers.

ln the improved construction of 'the furi' nace front arrangement which constitutes the principal feature of the invention, each of the fuel spraying nozzles', the number of which vary according to requirements, projects through a baille plate or the front plate of the casing into a concentric air trunk supported from the bathe plate or front plate and having lateral openings at or near its outer end. rlhis air trunk projects concentrically within a second air trunk carried by and extending outwardly from the furnace front or front Wall`of the furnace but not as far as the baiile plate or front plate of the casing, and the annular space,l between the `overlapping parts of theI inner` and outer air trunks is fitted with deflectors for directing the air in such manner as to mix the air required for combustion more elfectually with.

the fuel spray. One result of this arrangement is that the openings for the supply of -air areso disposed that direct radiation of heat from the furnace is prevented. The admission of the vmajor portion of the air required -for the combustion. of the fuel through the second or outer air trunk keeps the outer casing cool and hence radiation from this part is reduced t-oV a minimum. Further, the4 enveloping secondary su ply of air insures the complete oxidation o the sprayed fuel in the frontend of the'fur'nace and thus prevents the format-ion of carbon deposits and leakage atV the' joints and com.- bustion chamber stays. The bafflel plate or thefront of the casing to-which' the inner air trunk is attached may be' se mounted that it can be adjusted in a fore and aft direction thereby simultaneously altering 'the relation of V thaiairtrainlrs and so regulating supply of air ,as to admit only the quantity necessary for .complete combustion, or the air` supply may be regulated by means of an adj ustable apparatus surrounding the outer air trunk. The fuel spraying nozzle is preferably constructed with a solid collar at the end ofthe adjusting spindle surmounted by a cone. This collanlisabored for the passage of the fuel from thespace in rear of thc collar to the annulis'between the conev and theconical aperture into which it projects, the holes being 'inclined so as to give the required gyratory motion to the fuel. The fuel is delivered to the spraying nozzle under 'pressure which can be varied so as to increase or decrease thelrate offuel consumption.

In thev accompanying'drawings Figure 1 is a section through a furnace front embody# ing the present invention as adapted for burningoil fuel in the furnace under natural draft. Fig. 1,*iL is a plan view of the deflector port-ion shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 is a front sectionon the line IIwII of Fig. 1, looking at the furnace front. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing the apparatus as adapted to burn liquid 'fuel under forced or induced draft with closed ash pit. Fig. 4 is a section on the line IV-IV in 'Fig'. 3. Fig. 5 is a section through a furnace front showing the invention adapted to burn liquid fuel under forced or induced draft with closed ash-pit but with a construction of furnacefront which is not designed to facilitate conversion ofthe furnace for coal fuel. Fig. 6 is a section on line VI-VI in Fig. 5, parts being removed. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional. view of the fuel spraying nozzle. Fig 8 is a section of a furnace front showing the apparatus adapted Ato burn liquid fuel under closed stokehold condi- -tions,.and Fig. 9 is a part section on line IX-IX in Fig. 8 and a part elevation of paratus is protected from the heat radiated.

from the furnace by means of a wall of refractory material, beyond which'there is no (necessity, with this improved method of burning oil, for any further brickwork in. .the furnace or combustion chamber.

. In Figs. 1 and 2, a, isA the front baiie plate.

above referred to which -is adjustably supgorted on` the furnace front by lthe rodspor .werden su@ attached #hasta Lis-Aaa cylindrical trunk b. ln this trunk Z? are openings c through which air can be admit;- ted direct to the oil fuel as it issues from the sprayer. d is an outer cylindrical trunk between which and theinner cylindrical trunk o delectors c are tted dividing theannular e, 6 and 9 and adapted v form and disposed space up into a number of chambers through which 'the major portion of the air required for combustion is admitted. These deflectors are of spiral form, as shown in. Figs. 2, to impart a gyratory movement to the air passing between them. yibis construction the radiation of the heat from the furnace to the stokchold is reducedl to a minimum. out-er trunk al a further apparatus may be fitted as for example the slide f which can be operated by means of handles g or otherwise so as to shut ott partially or entirely the air supply to the furnace.

So far as the essential features of the present invention are concerned, the constructions of Figs. 3, e and 5, 6 are substantially identical with that or" Figs. 1 and 2, and need not be separately referred to, the like parts being. indicated by the same reference letters as in. Fi Figs.` 3, 5 and 8, the ba Surrounding the e plate a is attached to a projecting Aplate 7c so that an inclosed space may be front. In the construction of Figs. 8 and 9 the air su ply to the burners is preferabl reguormed opposite the looile'x` ,lated y means of adjustable doors f in the outer front'.

Figs. 7, shows the construction of the fuel spraying nozzle; L is the adjusting spindle, llc the solid collar through which passages t t are bored at such an angle as to give the .required gyratory motion to the fuel spray.

The passages t, t, are .preferably of spiral so that the motion imparted by kthem to the fuel will be in a directionopptbaite to that imlparted to the airv passing between the spira delectors e. n is the nozzle constructed with the conical aperture as shown.

Havingzthus described my invention and' '..t-he best means I-know of carrying the same supply trunk attached to and ltrunk attached to and from the said casing into practical le'ect, I claim z- 1. In aliquid fuel furnace, the combinaend of the furnace of a front, a .cylindrical .primary air supply projecting rearwardly plate and having lateral openin at the outer end adjacentto the casing p ate, a cylindrical secondary air projecting Voutwardly from the front of the furnace, the said secondary air trunk being of considerably greater diameter than the primary and encircling the inner portion of the same, the annular space between the two air trunks providing a passage to the combustion 1 and 2, but in' maaar/e chamber for the secondary air supply neces sar for complete combustion of the fuel, andy means for imparting gyratory motions of opposite sense to the liquid fuel andlsecondary air supply respectively, substantially as dcribed.

2- A construction of liquid fuel furnaces comprising a casing plate supported on the furnace front and spaced therefrom, a hquid fuel injector projecting through thc said casing plate and adapted to give a gyratory Vmotion to the liquid fuel, a cylindrical primary air supply trunk fixed to and projectin rearwardly from the said casing plate an having lateral apertures in the neighborhood of the fuel nozzle, a cylindrical secondary air supply trunk fixed to the furnace trunk and encircling the rearward portion'of the primary air trunk, said secondary air trunk being of considerably greater diameter than the primary, and spiral deflectors in the space between the two air trunks adapted to give a gyratory motion to thesecondary air supply o posite in sense to the gyratory motion o the liquid fuel, substantially as described.

3.111 a liquid fuel furnace, the combination with the front end of the furnace of a casing plate supported from the furnace front, a cylindrical primary air sup ly trunk attached to and projecting rearwardly from the said casing plate and having lateral openings at the outer end adjacent to the casing plate, a cylindrical-secondary air supply trunk attached to and projecting outwardly from the front'of the furnace, the said secondary air trunk being of considerably greater diameter than the rimary and encircling the inner portion of t e same, the annular space between the two airtrunks providing a passage to the combustion chamber for the secondary air supply necessar for complete combustion of1 the fuel, an means for imparting a gyratory motion to both fthe liquid fuel and secondary air supply; substantially as described.

4. In a liquid fuel furnace, the combination with the front end of, the furnace .of an open ended cylindrical air supply trunk attached to and projecting outwardl from the furnace front, the outer open en of the vtrunk communicating with an air supply, a casing plate opposite to and supported from the furnace front, a second cylindrical air supply trunk concentric with and of a, diameter considerably smaller than the first said air trunk, the second air trunk being attached to and projecting rearwardly from the casing plaie, having its rearward end open and surrounded by the first -air trunk so that an annular space is formed between the trunks for the passage to the combustion chamber of an air supply, the said second air trunk being rovi ed with lateral openings at its end a jacentv to the casing plate and com- 1,025,279 munctin djlzectly with an air supply exnameto this swifcatim; im M1@ )gn-mmc@ o?? lmiory o the rst air tfmnkland mins for two subscribing witnesam adjusmg the passage or t e air t rou h "at l V ich@ st air trunk xelativelyjo andA in ev ANDRIW LAJNG 'E penently of that through the second air Witnesses :L

trunk. Ma'rmw Mummy,

n testimony whereof I have sig'nelV my JAMIE@ CRUIGHJQHANK Hmmmg'. 

